The NCAA Tournament is one of the most exciting times of the year. More than 50 million Americans fill out over 80 million brackets. That is a lot of competition.
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Probability of Each Seed Advancing to the Next Round in the NCAA Tournament
Seed | 2nd Round | Sweet 16 | Elite 8 | Final Four | Championship | Win Championship |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 98.7% | 84.2% | 66.4% | 39.5% | 24.3% | 15.8% |
2 | 92.8% | 62.5% | 44.7% | 21.1% | 8.6% | 3.3% |
3 | 85.5% | 52.6% | 25.7% | 11.2% | 7.2% | 2.6% |
4 | 78.9% | 47.4% | 15.1% | 9.2% | 2.6% | 1.3% |
5 | 65.1% | 34.2% | 7.9% | 5.9% | 2.6% | 0.0% |
6 | 61.8% | 28.9% | 10.5% | 2.0% | 1.3% | 0.7% |
7 | 61.2% | 19.1% | 6.6% | 2.0% | 0.7% | 0.7% |
8 | 48.7% | 10.5% | 5.9% | 3.9% | 2.6% | 0.7% |
9 | 51.3% | 5.3% | 3.3% | 1.3% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
10 | 38.8% | 15.8% | 5.9% | 0.7% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
11 | 38.2% | 17.1% | 5.9% | 3.3% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
12 | 34.9% | 14.5% | 1.3% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
13 | 21.1% | 3.9% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
14 | 14.5% | 1.3% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
15 | 7.2% | 2.6% | 0.7% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
16 | 1.3% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
I thought it might also be interesting to look at the history of NCAA tournament winners by seed. Here is all of the data that I’ve found.
NCAA Tournament Win/Loss Records for Top Seeds in Each Round
#1
Round | Wins | Losses | Win % |
---|---|---|---|
1st Round | 150 | 2 | 99% |
2nd Round | 128 | 22 | 85% |
Sweet 16 | 101 | 27 | 79% |
Elite 8 | 60 | 41 | 59% |
Final Four | 37 | 23 | 62% |
Championship | 24 | 13 | 65% |
Based on this information it’s tough not to slot all your number ones into reaching at least the Elite 8. You want either 2-3 among the last four and at least one championship finalist. They are also far more likely than any other seed to win the championship. Remember that if you want to bet on who will win the tournament.
#2
Round | Wins | Losses | Win % |
---|---|---|---|
1st Round | 141 | 11 | 93% |
2nd Round | 95 | 46 | 67% |
Sweet 16 | 68 | 27 | 72% |
Elite 8 | 32 | 36 | 47% |
Final Four | 13 | 19 | 41% |
Championship | 5 | 8 | 38% |
#15 seeds rarely pull off the upset. They have beaten #2 seeds just 11 times. That gives the No. 2 seed a 93% chance of making it past the initial game.
These teams aren’t nearly as likely to win the second round game as top seeds are. You only want half of your twos making the Elite 8 and one Final 4 squad if you want to play the odds optimally.
#3
Round | Wins | Losses | Win % |
---|---|---|---|
1st Round | 130 | 22 | 86% |
2nd Round | 80 | 50 | 62% |
Sweet 16 | 39 | 41 | 49% |
Elite 8 | 17 | 22 | 44% |
Final Four | 11 | 6 | 65% |
Championship | 4 | 7 | 36% |
Here is where things start turning more towards the underdogs in the later rounds. The #3 has lost to a #14 a total of 22 times, meaning you still probably don’t want to pick against them in round one, but after that there is a good chance for them to get upset.
What is interesting is less than half these teams make the Sweet 16, and only one is likely to make the Elite 8! That is why any teams advancing deep as a #3 or more are prime for our tournament sleepers section.
#4
Round | Wins | Losses | Win % |
---|---|---|---|
1st Round | 120 | 32 | 79% |
2nd Round | 72 | 48 | 60% |
Sweet 16 | 23 | 49 | 32% |
Elite 8 | 14 | 9 | 61% |
Final Four | 4 | 10 | 29% |
Championship | 2 | 2 | 50% |
This really shows you why you need to pick your champion from the 1-3 seeds. Only two 4s have won it all. Check out the farthest each seed has gone in the tournament article to see more.
#5
Round | Wins | Losses | Win % |
---|---|---|---|
1st Round | 99 | 53 | 65% |
2nd Round | 52 | 47 | 53% |
Sweet 16 | 12 | 40 | 23% |
Elite 8 | 9 | 3 | 75% |
Final Four | 4 | 5 | 44% |
Championship | 0 | 4 | 0% |
Things are really interesting here and where most people have their upset predictions. The #5 holds a 95-53 record against the #12. That’s only a winning percentage of 64%. This is a pretty dramatic drop-off from the 80% or better winning percentage of the top 4 seeds. Also note 5s almost always lose in the Sweet 16 as they are most likely to be paired up against a No. 1 seed at this point in the tournament.
#6
Round | Wins | Losses | Win % |
---|---|---|---|
1st Round | 94 | 58 | 62% |
2nd Round | 44 | 50 | 47% |
Sweet 16 | 16 | 28 | 36% |
Elite 8 | 3 | 13 | 19% |
Final Four | 2 | 1 | 67% |
Championship | 1 | 1 | 50% |
We have seen a very similar result long-term when it comes to the #6 against the #11. Teams on the #6 line make the Sweet 16 at a 47% clip, and go to the Elite 8 36% of the time. Only three have been among the last four standing (2.4%), two have been in the title game (1.6%), and one has ever won it all (Kansas in 1988).
#7
Round | Wins | Losses | Win % |
---|---|---|---|
1st Round | 93 | 59 | 61% |
2nd Round | 29 | 64 | 31% |
Sweet 16 | 10 | 19 | 34% |
Elite 8 | 3 | 7 | 30% |
Final Four | 1 | 2 | 33% |
Championship | 1 | 0 | 100% |
What is strange is that No. 7’s have done almost as well as fives and sixes. They have gone 93-59 (61%) in first round games, but that’s where the similarities end. Only 29 have reached the next weekend, 10 made the Elite Eight, and 3 achieved the Final Four. Only one team has made the national title game, but the good news is that they won. That was UConn back in 2014.
#8
Round | Wins | Losses | Win % |
---|---|---|---|
1st Round | 74 | 78 | 49% |
2nd Round | 16 | 58 | 22% |
Sweet 16 | 9 | 7 | 56% |
Elite 8 | 6 | 3 | 67% |
Final Four | 4 | 2 | 67% |
Championship | 1 | 3 | 25% |
The dreaded #8 vs #9 matchup is one that is mostly just a coin-flip. Not a bad idea, as that’s just about how it’s gone. The #9 holds a slight edge over the #8, but not by much. The dream doesn’t typically last long though, only 16 have gone on to the last 16. Of those who made it, just nine of those have advanced to the Elite 8. Six eights went to the Final Four and four have played in the title game. That’s the lowest seed to do so. One even cut down the nets when Villanova knocked off Georgetown in 1985.
March Madness Upsets: Win Chances of Lower Seeds (9-16) in Each Round
#9
Round | Wins | Losses | Win % |
---|---|---|---|
1st Round | 78 | 74 | 51% |
2nd Round | 8 | 70 | 10% |
Sweet 16 | 5 | 3 | 63% |
Elite 8 | 2 | 3 | 40% |
Final Four | 0 | 2 | 0% |
Championship | 0 | 0 | 0% |
While nines do have some first game success, things don’t go well after that. Only 8 have made the second weekend and two teams have lasted past the Elite 8. Both ended up losing their Final 4 matchup.
#10
Round | Wins | Losses | Win % |
---|---|---|---|
1st Round | 59 | 93 | 39% |
2nd Round | 24 | 35 | 41% |
Sweet 16 | 9 | 15 | 38% |
Elite 8 | 1 | 8 | 11% |
Final Four | 0 | 1 | 0% |
Championship | 0 | 0 | 0% |
In the initial two rounds you might see a few tens pulling off the victory. With 59 (39%) first-round wins and 24 (41%) second-round wins. One ten making the next weekend isn’t out of the question, however, just nine have won their third game, and just one made it to the Final Four. Not a single one has ever made the championship weekend.
#11
Round | Wins | Losses | Win % |
---|---|---|---|
1st Round | 58 | 94 | 38% |
2nd Round | 26 | 32 | 45% |
Sweet 16 | 9 | 17 | 35% |
Elite 8 | 5 | 4 | 56% |
Final Four | 0 | 5 | 0% |
Championship | 0 | 0 | 0% |
Somewhat surprisingly, five No. 11 teams have gone all the way to the final four, but that’s where their run has ended.
#12
Round | Wins | Losses | Win % |
---|---|---|---|
1st Round | 53 | 99 | 35% |
2nd Round | 22 | 31 | 42% |
Sweet 16 | 2 | 20 | 9% |
Elite 8 | 0 | 2 | 0% |
Final Four | 0 | 0 | 0% |
Championship | 0 | 0 | 0% |
Everyone makes a big deal of these matchups as traditionally at least one 12 upsets a 5. History backs this up with a 12 seed winning in the first round 35% of the time. As with any trend like this, the trick is finding that one upset each season.
#13
Round | Wins | Losses | Win % |
---|---|---|---|
1st Round | 32 | 120 | 21% |
2nd Round | 6 | 26 | 19% |
Sweet 16 | 0 | 6 | 0% |
Elite 8 | 0 | 0 | 0% |
Final Four | 0 | 0 | 0% |
Championship | 0 | 0 | 0% |
When hear about Cinderella stories from this point on, they are more like one-hit wonders. We’ve seen 32 13-seed 1st-round winners (21%), but only six could pull off back-to-back victories.
#14
Round | Wins | Losses | Win % |
---|---|---|---|
1st Round | 22 | 130 | 14% |
2nd Round | 2 | 20 | 9% |
Sweet 16 | 0 | 2 | 0% |
Elite 8 | 0 | 0 | 0% |
Final Four | 0 | 0 | 0% |
Championship | 0 | 0 | 0% |
While they do have 22 first round upsets (14%), a 14 seed has only made it to the second weekend only twice.
#15
Round | Wins | Losses | Win % |
---|---|---|---|
1st Round | 11 | 141 | 7% |
2nd Round | 4 | 7 | 36% |
Sweet 16 | 1 | 3 | 25% |
Elite 8 | 0 | 1 | 0% |
Final Four | 0 | 0 | 0% |
Championship | 0 | 0 | 0% |
A 15 seed seems to come out of nowhere once about every four years and pull off the upset over a No. 2 seed, however, most fizzle after that initial big win. Just four #15 seeds have gone on to the Sweet 16, with Saint Peter’s being the lone #15 to advance to the Elite 8 in 2022.
#16
Round | Wins | Losses | Win % |
---|---|---|---|
1st Round | 2 | 150 | 1% |
2nd Round | 0 | 2 | 0% |
Sweet 16 | 0 | 0 | 0% |
Elite 8 | 0 | 0 | 0% |
Final Four | 0 | 0 | 0% |
Championship | 0 | 0 | 0% |
There have now been two #16 teams to upset #1 seeds in NCAA Tournament history. Still, it’s not something you want to try and predict in your bracket. If you are a fan of a #16, buy your ticket to the first round game. It will likely be the only chance you have to see them.
Even using all of this information your odds of picking a perfect bracket aren’t good. That’s why in 2014 Warren Buffett had no problem offering a $1 billion grand prize to anyone who could pull it off.
I don’t know if there will be any prize quite that big ever again, but if you enter enough of the free March Madness contests out there you can haul in quite a few prizes with a good showing.
Our bracket tips for beginners offers even more historical data to help you fill out a winner.